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初中应用物理知识竞赛涉及“物态变化”的知识主要有:温度计的测温原理和正确使用、熔化和凝固、液化和汽化、升华和凝华等.一、温度计的测温原理普通温度计是利用液体的热胀冷缩原理制成的,里面的液体有的用酒精,有的用水银.测温范围高于液体的凝固点,低于液体的沸点.温度计的结构较简单,由装有液体的玻璃泡和玻璃管组成,玻璃管内有与玻璃泡相连的粗细均匀的毛细管,外有刻度表.例1两支内径不同、下面玻璃泡内水银量相等
The junior high school applied physics knowledge contest involving “change of state ” knowledge are: thermometer temperature measurement principle and the correct use, melting and solidification, liquefaction and vaporization, sublimation and desublimation etc .. First, the thermometer temperature measurement principle Ordinary thermometer Is the use of the principle of thermal expansion and contraction of the liquid made of some of the liquid inside with alcohol, and some with mercury. Temperature range above the freezing point of the liquid, lower than the liquid boiling point. Thermometer structure is simple, Liquid glass bulb and glass tube, the glass tube is connected with the glass bulb capillary of uniform thickness, outside the scale. Example 1 two different diameters, below the same amount of mercury in the glass bulb