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在塑料大棚内,新播兴安落叶松,培育1-0型苗木,当年可以出圃上山造林,这对我国寒温带气候的大兴安岭地区尽快恢复森林资源具有重要意义.但10型苗木原床培育,根系不发达,茎根比值大,造林成活率低.通过3年截根技术和机理的研究,发现在苗木生长的幼苗期后期于地下6cm处、或在苗木生长的速生期前期于地下10cm处截断主根,可以显著地促进侧须根生长,增加侧根量25.0%～52.2%;降低茎/侧根比值19.0%～51.3%,增加苗木茎、叶可溶性糖的含量12.2%,抑制了起苗至造林期间苗木失水速率和根系损伤,提高了根系活力50%左右.用截根苗更新造林,可提高成活率15%左右.截根技术要求一定的育苗方式和土壤条件.高床育苗,床宽0.6m,床高15～20cm,步道0.4m较为适宜,且要求床面平坦,整地细碎,无草根石块.截根工具直接影响截根效果.笔者研制的手持截根锯是大棚育苗比较理想的截根工具,每截1亩地需两个工人工作8.16h.
In the plastic greenhouse, planting Larix gmelinii, larch cultivate 1-0, when the garden can be nursery afforestation, which cold climate in China Daxinganling region as soon as possible to restore forest resources is of great significance.But 10 seedlings nurture the original bed, roots Underdeveloped, large ratio of stem and root, low afforestation survival rate.Three years of cutting technology and mechanism of the study found that seedling growth in the late seedling stage at 6cm below the ground, or in early growth stage of seedlings cut off 10cm underground The main root can significantly promote the growth of lateral fibrous roots and increase lateral root mass by 25.0% -52.2%; reduce the ratio of stem / lateral root by 19.0% -51.3% and increase the content of soluble sugar in stems and leaves of seedlings by 12.2% Water loss rate and root damage, increased root activity of about 50%. With the cuttings seedlings reforestation, can improve the survival rate of about 15%. Truncation techniques require a certain way of nursery and soil conditions. High bed nursery, bed width 0.6m, bed High 15 ~ 20cm, trails 0.4m is more appropriate, and requires a flat bed, fine soil preparation, no grass roots. Root cutting tools directly affect the truncation effect. I developed handheld truncated sawing is an ideal cutting tool in greenhouse nursery , Each section of 1 mu of land required two workers to work 8.16h.