本研究基于黄淮海平原多个变性土剖面分层土壤样品的土壤理化性状分析数据,对其肥力特征、生产性能以及培肥改良措施进行了系统研究。相关结果表明,机械组成中粘粒含量高、质地粘重、土壤结构和孔隙性差是变性土主要物理性状特征,受其影响,土壤表现出耕作性能差、蓄水能力弱、保水性能不强等特点;化学性状主要表现为有机质含量不高、质量差,土壤氮素水平仍较低,耕层土壤速效磷含量分异加大,土壤速效钾含量缓慢降低,土壤CEC含量较高,土壤保肥性能强,但供肥性能较差等特点。这些性状特点对土壤生产性能的影响主要表现在土壤适耕期短,易受旱、涝(渍)灾害的危害,土壤有效养分低、营养失调,钙质结核影响土壤蓄水能力和水分运行以及作物根系生长等方面。指出:(1)增加土壤有机质,改良土壤理化性质;(2)合理施肥,促进土壤养分平衡;(3)改进耕作、灌溉技术,调控土壤水分状况等是培育变性土肥力质量、提高土壤生产性能的关键性措施。 Based on the data of soil physical and chemical properties of stratified soil samples from a large number of denuded soil profiles in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, this study systematically studied fertility characteristics, performance and improvement measures. The results show that the mechanical composition of the clay content is high, sticky texture, poor soil structure and porosity is the main physical characteristics of denudated soil, affected by the soil showed poor farming performance, water storage capacity is weak, water retention is not strong Characteristics of chemical traits mainly include organic matter content is not high, the quality is poor, the soil nitrogen level is still low, the available phosphorus content in topsoil is increased, soil available potassium content is slowly decreased, soil CEC content is higher, Strong performance, but poor performance for fertilizer. The impact of these traits on soil performance mainly in the short period of adaptability to the soil, waterlogging (flood) (disaster) hazards, low soil available nutrients, nutrition disorders, calcium tuberculosis affect soil water storage capacity and water operations and Crop root growth and so on. It is pointed out that: (1) Soil organic matter is added to improve soil physical and chemical properties; (2) Fertilization is reasonable to promote soil nutrient balance; (3) Tillage and irrigation techniques and soil moisture regulation and control are to cultivate fertility quality of denaturalized soil and improve soil productivity The key measures.