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基于金川龙首矿地表移动GPS监测数据,分析了露天采坑围岩移动、变形规律。监测结果表明:地下开采已经引起地表大范围的岩体移动和变形,并形成了2个沉降区和1个上升区;其中上盘沉降区最大沉降量达到767 mm,下盘沉降区最大沉降量达到了1 078 mm,位于露天坑底的上升区最大上升量达到了684 mm。实验模拟了露天转地下开采过程中采坑围岩的移动和变形过程。物理模拟实验结果与监测结果相符,并在露天开采阶段和地下开采阶段都清晰地观测到了坑底隆起现象。在此基础上,从理论上分析了转地下开采后露天采坑底部的隆起机理,认为地下开采活动会使得边坡岩体原有的在露天开挖条件下产生的移动和变形活化,这种活化作用大于地下开采引起的下沉量时,就会造成露天采坑底部的挤压上升。
Based on the monitoring data of surface mobile GPS in Longchuan Mine, the movement and deformation of surrounding rock in open pit excavation are analyzed. The monitoring results show that underground mining has caused a large range of surface rock mass movement and deformation, and formed two settlement areas and one rising area. The maximum settlement of the settlement area of the upper floor reached 767 mm, and the maximum settlement of the lower floor settlement area Reached 1,078 mm, and the maximum ascent in the open pit bottom reached 684 mm. The experiment simulates the process of the surrounding rock movement and deformation during the mining from open pit to underground mining. The results of physical simulation are consistent with the monitoring results, and the uplift of pits is clearly observed in the open-pit mining and underground mining. On this basis, the uplift mechanism of the bottom of open pit mining after underground mining is theoretically analyzed, and it is considered that the underground mining activities will make the original displacement and deformation activation of the slope rock mass under the conditions of open excavation Activation is greater than the amount of subsidence caused by underground mining, it will cause the bottom of the open pit mining squeeze rise.