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作为法国18世纪启蒙思想家的杰出代表,狄德罗在哲学、美学、文学、教育学等领域颇有建树。就文学成就而言,狄德罗扩大了戏剧表现现实生活的范围,为西方近代话剧奠定了基础;他的哲理小说推动了小说与现实的结合,使得小说的发展扎根于现实性之中,其文学地位由此得以提高。本文拟从文学视角出发,就狄氏在戏剧理论与创作、哲理小说及文学表现手法等方面的贡献做一次梳理,并揭示其哲学思想与文学实践的关联。
As an outstanding representative of French eighteenth century enlightenment thinkers, Diderot made great achievements in such fields as philosophy, aesthetics, literature and pedagogy. As far as his literary achievement is concerned, Diderot expands the scope of realistic performance of drama and lays a foundation for the modern Western drama. His philosophical novel promotes the combination of novel and reality, making the development of the novel rooted in reality. Literary status can be improved. This article intends to review the contribution of Di’s in drama theory and creation, philosophical novels and literary expression techniques from the perspective of literature and reveals the connection between his philosophical thinking and literary practice.