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一九五七年一期历史研究刊登的彭泽益先生清代广东洋行制度的起源一文,他分析得很详细,根据李士祯的抚粤政略,考证康熙二十五年即一六八六年才设立洋货行与金丝行,洋行是洋货行的简称,广东洋行的建立的确切年代,应该是康熙二十五年,这是很对的。但是彭先生不同意从前学者解释粤海关志说:“番舶至,则劳以牛酒,令牙行主之,沿明才習,命曰十三行”的意义,而说:“十三行是随着广东洋货行作为一个新制度而出现於当时的另一个称号”这就是说,康熙二十五年才有十三行了。彭先生还根据屈大均所著广东新语一书里的广州竹枝词写道:“洋船争出是官商,十字门开向二洋,五丝八丝广缎好,银钱堆满十三行。”以证十三行之名,已很流行於当时。并强调说:“十三行就是洋货行。”我以为彭先生的证据,还未充足,且有误解,与我的意见略有出入,所以提出下列意见,以供参考。
According to Li Shizhen’s Proposal for Guangdong Province, Mr. Peng Zeyi, a historical research published in 1957, made a detailed analysis of the origins of the system of Guangdong Yangxian in the Qing Dynasty. In his twenty-fifth year of Kangxi’s reign, Line and gold wire, foreign line is the short name of foreign goods line, the exact era of the establishment of Guangdong Ocean Bank should be Kangxi twenty-five years, this is right. However, Mr Pang disagrees with the explanation from scholars of the past that Guanghui Yue said: “In the past, ”Thirteen lines were another title of the time when Guangdong Foreign Commodities Bank was presented as a new system.“ That is to say, Kangxi had thirteen lines in twenty-five years. Mr. Peng also wrote according to the Zhuzhuan Ci in Guangzhou Newland, a book written by Qu Dajun: ”The foreign ship competes for an official, the cross gate opens to Yeungyang, the delicate silk is good and the money is full of thirteen rows. “To prove thirteen lines of the name, has been very popular at the time. And emphasized: ”The thirteen lines are foreign goods lines.“ ”I think Mr PENG’s evidence is not sufficient yet, and there are some misunderstandings. My views differ slightly. I therefore submit the following comments for reference.