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土壤颗粒表面大量的负电荷会在固-液界面产生强大的电场,影响土壤溶液中离子的吸附过程.本文以紫色土K+饱和样为研究对象,运用考虑表面电场的动力学新模型研究了不同浓度Na+离子的吸附动力学过程.实验结果表明:1当Na+离子浓度为9.565×10-5 mol/L时吸附过程中会出现明显的零级动力学特征和一级动力学特征.2浓度为7.826×10-4 mol/L和9.855×10-3 mol/L时Na+吸附过程中仅表现出一级动力学特征,这是因为增加Na+浓度后屏蔽电场的能力增强,从而表现出弱静电力吸附下的一级动力学过程.3实验中Na+的平衡吸附量随离子浓度的增加而递增,吸附速率随离子浓度递增而加速.4体系中K+亚稳吸附量随Na+离子浓度增加而递减,随表面电位递减而递减.通过对不同浓度下Na+吸附动力学特征分析,对了解离子交换吸附机理具有一定指导意义.
A large amount of negative charges on the surface of soil particles will produce a strong electric field at the solid-liquid interface, which will affect the adsorption process of ions in soil solution.In this paper, a new model of K + saturated soil is taken as the research object, Concentration of Na + ions.The experimental results show that: when the concentration of Na + ions is 9.565 × 10-5 mol / L, obvious zero-order kinetic and first-order kinetic characteristics appear in the adsorption process.2 Concentrations of The first-order kinetic characteristics of Na + adsorption process at 7.826 × 10-4 mol / L and 9.855 × 10-3 mol / L showed only a weak electrostatic force due to the enhanced ability to shield the electric field after increasing Na + concentration Adsorption kinetic process.3 The balance of Na + adsorption increased with the increase of ion concentration, and the adsorption rate accelerated with the increasing of ion concentration.4 The metastable adsorption amount of K + 4 decreases with the increase of Na + ion concentration, Decreasing with the decrease of surface potential.By analyzing the kinetic characteristics of Na + adsorption at different concentrations, it is instructive to understand the mechanism of ion exchange adsorption.