论文部分内容阅读
目的:分析青海地区创伤急救的流行病学特点,为创伤急救的诊治提供客观依据。方法:分析2010年1月—2014年12月由本院急诊科(青海省成人急救中心)急救的52 652例创伤患者的资料。结果:创伤患者中男性60.0%,女性40.0%,青壮年(13~59)岁占79.5%。近5年来急诊外科三大类疾病(创伤、急腹症及其他)的变化主要表现在创伤患者数量的快速增加,占72.3%。在创伤原因中,交通事故占48.6%,社会治安占24.7%,建筑工伤占8.7%。创伤ISS评分:<16分占57.7%,(16~24)分占23.2%,≥25分19.2%。主要创伤部位以脊柱及四肢损伤47.8%及颅脑损伤34.0%的发生率为最高。主要致死性损伤部位:头部外伤66.0%,腹部损伤14.5%,胸部创伤19.2%。结论:青海地区加强学校、驾驶员培训,工业、建筑业等安全教育可能是预防创伤的重要途径。
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of emergency trauma in Qinghai and provide an objective basis for the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic emergency. Methods: The data of 52,652 trauma patients who were first aid from our emergency department (Qinghai Provincial Adult First Aid Center) from January 2010 to December 2014 were analyzed. Results: 60.0% of trauma patients, 40.0% of women, young adults (13 to 59 years) accounted for 79.5%. The changes of the three major categories of emergency surgery (trauma, acute abdomen and others) in the past five years are mainly manifested in the rapid increase in the number of traumatic patients, accounting for 72.3%. Among the causes of trauma, traffic accidents accounted for 48.6%, social order accounted for 24.7% and construction injuries accounted for 8.7%. Traumatic ISS score: <16 points accounted for 57.7%, (16 ~ 24) accounted for 23.2%, ≥ 25 points 19.2%. The main traumatic areas with spine and limb injury 47.8% and craniocerebral injury 34.0% of the highest incidence. The main fatal injury sites: head trauma 66.0%, abdominal injury 14.5%, chest trauma 19.2%. Conclusion: Strengthening safety education in schools, driver training, industry and construction in Qinghai may be an important way to prevent trauma.