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以铜粉和碳酸盐为原料,按比例混料,经过粉末压制、烧结、去除碳酸盐等工艺步骤制备各种孔隙率的铜基多孔材料。分析了铜粉和碳酸盐的粉料配比、铜粉末粒度、压制压力、烧结温度等工艺参数对制备的铜多孔材料孔隙率的影响;借助SEM,EDS研究烧结过程中粉末颗粒的结合及微观组织演变过程,并对制备的铜基多孔材料进行力学性能测试。研究表明:采用该工艺技术可以成功制备出孔隙率为60%～85%的铜基多孔材料,基体中分布着大孔和微孔,大孔孔径在100～300μm之间,微孔孔径在1～5μm之间;通过研究压制压力对孔隙率的影响,发现孔隙率随着压力的增大而减小,压坯中铜粉所占的体积分数越低,压制压力变化对烧结试样孔隙率的影响越大;铜粉尺寸大小对孔隙率也有一定的影响,在其他条件相同的情况下,铜粉粒度越小,烧结越容易进行,烧结后孔隙率越低;孔隙率为65%铜基多孔材料其压缩强度可达40 MPa,孔隙率为85%铜基多孔材料的压缩强度为20 MPa。
Using copper powder and carbonate as raw materials and mixing proportionally, the copper-based porous materials with various porosities are prepared through steps of powder compaction, sintering and removal of carbonates. The effects of technological parameters of copper powder and carbonate powder ratio, copper powder particle size, pressing pressure and sintering temperature on the porosity of prepared copper porous materials were analyzed. SEM and EDS were used to study the combination of powder particles and Microstructure evolution process, and mechanical properties of the prepared copper-based porous materials tested. The results show that the copper-based porous materials with porosity of 60% ~ 85% can be successfully prepared by this technology. The macropores and micropores are distributed in the matrix. The diameters of macropores are between 100 ~ ~ 5μm; Through the study of the impact of pressure on the porosity, it was found that the porosity decreases with increasing pressure, the lower the volume fraction of copper powder in the compact, the change of the compression pressure on the sintered sample porosity The larger the influence is; the size of copper powder also has a certain influence on the porosity. Under other conditions, the smaller the particle size of copper powder, the easier the sintering. The porosity is lower after sintering; the porosity is 65% The compressive strength of porous materials is up to 40 MPa and the porosity is 85%. The compressive strength of Cu-based porous materials is 20 MPa.