目的利用杆状病毒表达系统，在昆虫细胞中表达了丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)H株的包膜糖蛋白E，并应用表达产物对HCV感染患者血清中抗膜蛋白抗体进行检测。方法将HCV H株E基因片段克隆到杆状病毒转移载体上，转染昆虫细胞，表达包膜糖蛋白，经免疫杂交法鉴定表达产物，并用细胞间接免疫荧光法检测患者血清抗膜蛋白抗体的水平。结果Western blot显示，表达产物中有多条分子量不同、可与HCV RNA阳性血清反应的蛋白。细胞免疫荧光染色表明，HCV包膜糖蛋白在细胞浆中表达。用表达产物分别检测HCV患者血清，发现仅11.4％血清中含有膜抗体。结论成功利用昆虫细胞表达了HCV包膜糖蛋白，为HCV疫苗的研究奠定了基础。 Objective To detect the envelope glycoprotein E of hepatitis C virus (H) strain H in insect cells by baculovirus expression system and to detect the anti-membrane protein antibodies in serum of HCV-infected patients by using the expression product. Methods The gene fragment of E gene of HCV H strain was cloned into baculovirus transfer vector, transfected into insect cells, and expressed glycoprotein. The expressed products were identified by immunocytochemistry and the serum anti-membrane protein antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence Level. Results Western blot showed that there were several proteins with different molecular weights and could react with HCV RNA positive sera. Immunofluorescence staining showed that HCV envelope glycoprotein was expressed in the cytoplasm. HCV expression was detected using the serum of patients and found that only 11.4% of serum containing membrane antibody. Conclusion The HCV envelope glycoprotein was successfully expressed in insect cells, which laid the foundation for the study of HCV vaccine.