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为研究单元板式无砟轨道扣件刚度整体及局部突变对行车安全的影响,指导扣件系统的养护维修,利用有限元方法和轮轨耦合系统动力学原理,建立车辆-轨道-路基系统垂向耦合动力学模型。研究扣件系统整体刚度突变和局部刚度突变对列车的振动特性和轮轨垂向作用力的影响规律。结果表明:扣件刚度从20 kN/mm增加到80 kN/mm时,轮对和转向架的振动加速度分别增加40.1%和28.2%,轮轨垂向力增加28.4%,车体变化不大;当局部扣件刚度突变时,车体、轮对、转向架的振动加速度和轮轨垂向力均较基本刚度(50 kN/mm)有所增大。扣件刚度整体突变以及局部突变均会对列车振动特性和轮轨垂向作用力产生不利的影响,建议及时对扣件系统进行养护检修,以保证行车的平稳性和安全性。
In order to study the influence of the overall and local sudden changes in the stiffness of elemental ballastless track fastener on the driving safety and to guide the maintenance and repair of the fastener system, the vertical relationship of the vehicle-track-subgrade system is established by using the finite element method and the dynamic principle of the wheel- Coupling dynamics model. The influence of the sudden change of the overall stiffness and the local stiffness on the vibration characteristics and the wheel-rail vertical force of the train is studied. The results show that when the fastener stiffness increases from 20 kN / mm to 80 kN / mm, the vibration accelerations of the wheelset and the bogie increase by 40.1% and 28.2%, respectively, and the wheel and rail vertical force increase by 28.4% and the bodywork changes little. When the local fastener stiffness changes abruptly, the vibration acceleration and wheel-rail vertical force of the car body, wheelset and bogie are increased more than the basic stiffness (50 kN / mm). The overall sudden change of fastener stiffness and the local mutation will adversely affect the vibration characteristics of the train and the wheel-rail vertical force. It is suggested that maintenance and repair of the fastener system should be carried out timely so as to ensure the smoothness and safety of driving.