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按照经典权利理论中人/物、人格权/财产权的二元界分逻辑,人体基因作为整全的人身的组成部分,处于“人格权”的保护之下,被禁止用于谋利性交易。然而,随着基因科技的发展及基因的产业化应用,人/物的界限被内移到了人自身,人体基因也日益外化而具有独立的经济价值。当基因科技的施为力量已在某种程度上消弭了经典权利理论所依仗的人/物二元界分的基础时,试图非此即彼地以人格权或财产权来界定人体基因的法律属性,都不会实现关于基因利益的公平分配和确保人格不被减等的结果。问题的出路,似乎在于在人格权和财产权的混同处,提出一个新的“人格性财产权”的范畴界定人体基因的法律属性,并综合运用人格权和财产权的保护机制来保障基因资源提供者的利益。
According to the binary boundary logic of human beings, personality rights and property rights in the theory of classical rights, the human gene is under the protection of “personality power ” and prohibited from being used for profitability transaction. However, with the development of gene technology and the industrialization of genes, the human / animal boundary has been shifted to human beings and human genes have become increasingly independent and have independent economic value. When the power of genetic science and technology has to a certain extent negated the basis of the binary distinction of human beings relied upon by the theory of classical rights, it attempts to define the legal attributes of human genes either by personality rights or by property rights , Will not achieve the fair distribution of genetic interests and ensure that personality is not reduced and so on. The way out of the problem seems to lie in the fact that a new category of “personality property rights” is proposed in the confluence of personality rights and property rights to define the legal attributes of human genes and to use the protection mechanisms of personality rights and property rights comprehensively to ensure the provision of genetic resources The interests of those who.