作为文化生态学的分支学科的文艺生态学,是联系人类生存的自然与社会环境中互相作用的因素,研究文艺的产生、分布以及发展规律的理论与方法。最早明确提出这一概念的是美国学者J·H·斯图尔德,距今不过三、四十年。严格地说,文艺生态学迄今仍是一门孕育中的学科,尚未形成一种完整的理论与方法体系。然而,文艺与环境有着密切的关联,艺术生产与审美趣味受地理、气候、历史事件等因素的影响,是西方人早已注意了的。在描述西方文艺生态学思想史时,我们似乎可以从古希腊罗马时代讲起。 As a branch of cultural ecology, the literary ecology is a theory and method to study the generation, distribution and development of literature and art, which are the factors that interact with each other in the natural and social environment of human existence. The first articulation of the concept was by American Scholar J.H. Steuer, only three or four decades ago. Strictly speaking, literary ecology is still a breeding discipline, and a complete system of theories and methods has not yet been formed. However, art and the environment are closely linked. The influence of art production and aesthetic taste on the geography, climate, historical events and other factors has long been paid attention to by Westerners. In describing the history of Western literary and ecological thought, we seem to be speaking from the ancient Greek and Roman era.