目的探讨髋关节超声检查在婴幼儿发育性髋关节异常筛查诊断中的应用。方法对2010年1月~2012年1月内在我院筛查的1 600例婴幼儿双侧髋关节行超声波检查,对非正常髋关节患儿进行分类统计,并调查分析影响髋关节正常发育的各种因素,对需要跟踪观察或治疗的病例进行超声随访。结果 1 600例婴幼儿中髋关节发育不良者281例,占17.56%,其中婴幼儿发育性髋关节异常患儿8例,占0.5%,其余273例为髋关节不稳定。胎儿性别、胎儿妊娠胎位等均是婴幼儿发育性髋关节异常的影响因素。结论超声波对于诊断髋关节发育不良具有极高的灵敏性和准确性,因此可以作为早期诊断髋关节异常的首选方法。但由于超声检查对于检查医师自身技术水平的依赖性,因此应定期对相关医师进行培训考核。 Objective To investigate the application of hip ultrasonography in the diagnosis of developing abnormal hip joint in infants and young children. Methods A total of 1 600 infants and young children with bilateral hip joint stenosis screened from January 2010 to January 2012 in our hospital underwent ultrasound examination to classify the children with abnormal hip joint and to investigate and analyze the impact on the normal development of the hip joint Various factors, the need for follow-up observation or treatment of ultrasound follow-up. Results A total of 281 cases of hip dysplasia were found in 1 600 infants and young children, accounting for 17.56%. There were 8 infants with abnormal hip dysplasia in 0.5%, and the other 273 cases were unstable hip. Fetal sex, fetal gestational fetal position and so on are all the influencing factors of infant developmental hip dysfunction. Conclusion Ultrasound is very sensitive and accurate for the diagnosis of hip dysplasia, so it can be used as the first choice for early diagnosis of hip dysfunction. However, because of the dependence of ultrasound examination on the physician’s own technical level, the relevant physicians should be regularly trained and evaluated.