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作者研制了一种水冷紫铜坩埚,供熔炼过渡元素合金,稀土元素合金之用,这种坩埚具有特殊的结构,在采用高频感应加热时,可在熔料及坩埚壁上产生特殊取向的涡流,使熔化的金属液与紫铜坩埚脱离接触而悬浮在冷坩埚中,从而避免了坩埚对熔料所可能产生的污染。试验结果表明,熔料可达到的最高温度不低于2500K;坩埚的铜质对熔锭並无污染;熔锭成分均匀,配以保护气氛时,表向洁净。熔锭的典型体积为4.5cm~3。这种无玷污悬浮熔炼特别适用于精密合金材料的研制。作者曾用本法研究钕铁硼永磁,短期內即获得成功。
The authors developed a water-cooled copper crucible for the melting of transitional elemental alloys, rare earth alloys, the crucible has a special structure, the use of high-frequency induction heating, the melt and crucible wall can produce a special orientation of eddy currents, The molten metal is separated from the copper crucible and suspended in the cold crucible so as to avoid possible contamination of the melt by the crucible. The test results show that the maximum temperature of the melt can reach not less than 2500K; the copper in the crucible does not pollute the ingot; the composition of the ingot is uniform, and when the atmosphere is protected, the surface is clean. The typical volume of the ingot is 4.5 cm ~ 3. This spotless float melting is particularly suitable for the development of precision alloy materials. The author has used this method to study NdFeB permanent magnets, which succeeded shortly.