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高温是限制水稻产量的主要非生物胁迫之一,尤其是对水稻开花期影响。随着全球气候变暖,了解水稻适应高温环境的机理对培育耐热品种将非常有帮助。水稻对高温的反应非常复杂,需对水稻各结构,功能和环境之间在表型,分子水平上的作用进行研究,才能获得高温反应全图。本文综述了水稻耐热性的形态和遗传基础的研究进展,以及总结了水稻耐热育种上有所应用的耐热水稻花器官的形态学特征。
High temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses that limit rice yield, especially on the flowering stage of rice. As global warming warms, understanding the mechanisms by which rice adapts to high temperatures will be very helpful in breeding heat-tolerant cultivars. The reaction of rice to high temperature is very complicated, and the role of rice structure, function and environment at the phenotype and molecular level needs to be studied in order to obtain the full picture of high temperature response. In this paper, the morphological and genetic basis of heat tolerance in rice and the morphological characteristics of flower organs in heat-tolerant rice were summarized.