建筑的比例和尺度是建筑造型艺术基本理论中的重要问题。视觉感知的本领和特征在这中间起了决定的因素。因此,要讨论这类问题,必须搞清视觉感知的一些有关的特征。本文通过视觉对距离和尺度的生理和心理方面的部分分析,得出一些视觉上基本规律。垂直方向的尺度问题是比较复杂的,本文在讨论了水平方向的尺度感知的基础上,同时也对垂直方向的空间和形体高度的感知问题作了一些初步的讨论。本文也对《同济大学学报》1978年第二期中的《视觉的空间全景形象研究》一文作了一些适当的修改补充。 The proportion and scale of architecture are important issues in the basic theory of architectural plastic art. The skills and characteristics of visual perception play a decisive role in this process. Therefore, to discuss such issues, we must find out some relevant features of visual perception. In this paper, some visual basic rules are obtained by visually analyzing the physiological and psychological aspects of distance and scale. The vertical dimension problem is more complex. This paper discusses the horizontal dimension perception, and also makes some preliminary discussions on the perception of vertical space and height. This article also makes some appropriate amendments to the article “Study on the Spatial Panoramic Image of Vision” in the second issue of the Journal of Tongji University in 1978.