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目的总结在社区开展校外青少年艾滋病防治干预工作的经验,为今后大规模开展青少年干预活动提供科学依据。方法采用基线调查与干预后测试的横断面调查方法 ,通过利用混合式半开放结构式访谈问卷,对7个省项目点的5000多名校外青少年,进行干预前后对照评估。结果通过在社区开展艾滋病防治干预活动,使参与活动的校外青少年艾滋病知识知晓率和安全套使用率显著提高。他们中“最后一次性行为使用安全套”的比例从基线的27.67%提高到59.88%,增长了34.86%(χ2=34,86,P<0.000);而“过去3个月每次性行为都使用安全套”的比例从基线的24.77%提高到51.44%,增长了26.67%(χ2=37,70,P<0.000),其中,女性的改变比男性更为显著。结论研究提供的证据肯定了同伴教育做为校外青少年艾滋病应对的基本策略。然而,这个以多个省项目点为背景的广泛社区为基础的实践进一步表明,成功的同伴教育只有在社区组织的广泛参与和支持的框架中才能更为持久、有效和易于推广。
Objective To summarize the experience of community interventions on HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment of off-campus youth and provide a scientific basis for carrying out large-scale interventions for adolescents in the future. Methods The cross-sectional survey method of baseline survey and post-intervention test was adopted. By using the mixed semi-open structured interview questionnaire, more than 5000 off-campus adolescents in 7 provinces were evaluated before and after intervention. Results HIV / AIDS awareness and condom use among extra-curricular adolescents who participated in the program were significantly improved through HIV / AIDS interventions in the community. Among them, the proportion of “condom use during the last sexual act” increased from 27.67% at baseline to 59.88%, an increase of 34.86% (χ2 = 34,86, P <0.000) Behavior using condoms "increased from 24.77% to 51.44% of the baseline, an increase of 26.67% (χ2 = 37,70, P <0.000). Among them, women’s changes were more significant than those of men. Conclusions The evidence provided by the study confirms peer education as a basic strategy for coping with HIV among school-aged adolescents. However, this broad community-based practice, backed by multiple provincial program sites, further demonstrates that successful peer education can be more sustained, effective and easily rolled out only within the framework of broad community participation and support.