对陕西焦坪低变质烟煤进行了硝酸氧化分解的实验研究，考察了影响ＮＨＡ产率的主要因素。实验结果表明，氧解时间、硝酸浓度、煤酸比、氧解温度等是影响ＮＨＡ产率的主要因素。为焦坪低变质烟煤（粒度－１００目）确定了最佳工艺条件，在浓度为２５％的稀硝酸、煤酸比为０４、氧解温度为９０℃条件下，氧解１２０ｍｉｎ，ＮＨＡ的产率可达７０％以上，同时对原料和产物进行元素组成、官能团含量和红外分析，表明ＮＨＡ活性有显著提高。 The experimental study on nitric acid oxidation and decomposition of low-grade bituminous coal in Jiaoping, Shaanxi Province was conducted. The main factors affecting the yield of NHA were investigated. The experimental results show that the main factors affecting the yield of NHA are the time of oxygen solution, the concentration of nitric acid, the ratio of acid to acid, the temperature of oxygen solution. The optimum technological conditions were determined for the low-grade bituminous coal (particle size of -100 meshes) in Jiao-Ping. Under the condition of dilute nitric acid with a concentration of 25%, a molar ratio of 04 and a temperature of 90 ℃, The yield can reach over 70%. At the same time, the elemental composition, functional group content and infrared analysis of the raw materials and products show that the NHA activity is significantly increased.