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新疆气候干旱与土壤盐碱化并存,是制约新疆农业发展的主要因素,开沟覆膜滴灌技术综合了膜下滴灌技术与开沟技术的优点,理论上可有效治理盐碱地。在开沟覆膜滴灌技术下,设置不同灌水定额与灌水次数,利用试验土槽模拟盐分调控规律,结果表明:1第1次合适灌水定额对盐分的淋洗起主要作用,可使土体盐分达到较稳定的状态,盐分也随水分侧向运移,并在土埂表层聚集;2灌水定额的增加促进盐分随水分向远离滴头和向深层方向运移,使得覆膜间、覆膜边盐分淋洗的深度增加,脱盐区增加;3在灌水定额为300m3/hm2时,可以在滴灌带横向0~23cm,下部58cm处迅速形成一个含盐量小于1.5%的达标脱盐区,满足当地作物正常出苗,故建议当地可选择300m3/hm2作为第1次灌水洗盐定额。
The coexistence of climate droughts and soil salinization in Xinjiang is the main factor restricting the development of agriculture in Xinjiang. The technology of drip irrigation and drip irrigation under trenching and ditching combines the advantages of drip irrigation and drip irrigation technology and can effectively treat saline and alkali land in theory. Under the condition of trenching and film drip irrigation, different irrigation quotas and irrigation times were set up, and the regulation of soil salt was simulated by the test soil trough. The results showed that: 1 The first appropriate irrigation quota played a major role in the leaching of salt, Reaching a more stable state, the salt also with the lateral migration of water, and in the soil surface layer aggregation; 2 irrigation quota increases with salt to promote salt away from the dripper and to the deep direction of migration, making the membrane, the membrane edge When the irrigation quota is 300m3 / hm2, a standard desalination zone with salt content of less than 1.5% can be rapidly formed in the horizontal 0 ~ 23cm and the lower 58cm of the drip irrigation zone, meeting the requirements of local crops Normal emergence, it is suggested that the local choice of 300m3 / hm2 as the first irrigation salt washing quota.