目的了解深圳市普通居民产妇母乳中六六六(HCHs)和滴滴涕(DDTs)的蓄积水平,并分析其影响因素,评估婴儿暴露风险。方法采集85位在深圳地区居住时间3年或以上、初产妇产后4～6周的母乳。样品经提取后,用凝胶渗透色谱和弗罗里硅土固相微萃取柱净化,采用气相色谱-电子俘获检测器(GC-ECD)检测母乳中六六六、滴滴涕(包括α-六六六、β-六六六、γ-六六六、δ-六六六、p,p’-滴滴涕、p,p’-滴滴滴、p,p’-滴滴异、o,p’-滴滴涕等8种同分异构体)的残留。通过问卷调查,分析母乳中六六六、滴滴涕的含量水平与产妇膳食情况、年龄、当地居住时间等因素进行相关性关系。结果所有母乳样品均检出p,p’-DDE,58份样品中检出β-HCH。母乳中∑HCHs的中位数为2.980ng/g(全重计),80.200ng/g(脂肪计)。∑DDTs的中位数为9.610ng/g(全重计),268.390ng/g(脂肪计)。统计分析发现,母乳中六六六、滴滴涕含量与产妇年龄、淡水鱼的消费量、禽肉的消费量呈正相关关系。结论深圳市居民母乳中检出了六六六、滴滴涕,其含量水平与年龄及膳食情况存在相关关系。婴儿六六六、滴滴涕的平均摄入估计值分别为0.468和1.842μg/(kg.d BW),均低于我国卫生部及FAO/WHO农药残留联席会议推荐的每日容许摄入量(ADI)。深圳市当地居民母乳中六六六和滴滴涕负荷水平低于全国平均水平。 Objective To understand the accumulation level of HCHs and DDTs in ordinary residents in Shenzhen and to analyze the influential factors and evaluate the risk of infant exposure. Methods Eighty-five breast-feeding women who lived in Shenzhen for 3 years or more and whose primiparae were 4 to 6 weeks postpartum were collected. The samples were extracted and purified by gel permeation chromatography and Florisil solid-phase microextraction. Gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD) was used to detect BHC, DDT (including α- 6, β-BHC, γ-BHC, δ-BHC, p, p’- DDT, p, p’- drops, p, p’- drops, o, p’- DDT and other 8 kinds of isomers) residue. Through the questionnaire survey, we analyzed the content of BHC and DDT in breast milk and the relationship between the level of maternal diet, age, local living time and other factors. Results p, p’-DDE was detected in all breast milk samples, and β-HCH was detected in 58 samples. The median of ΣHCHs in breast milk was 2.980 ng / g (total weight), 80.200 ng / g (fat count). The median for ΣDDTs was 9.610 ng / g (total weight), 268.390 ng / g (fat count). Statistical analysis found that the content of BHC, DDT in breast milk was positively correlated with the age of maternal age, the consumption of freshwater fish and the consumption of poultry meat. Conclusion Six hundred and sixty-six and DDT were detected in breast milk of Shenzhen residents. The content of DDT was related to age and diet. The estimated intakes of 666 and DDT in infants were 0.468 and 1.842 μg / (kg.d BW), respectively, which were lower than the allowable daily intake recommended by the Joint Meeting of Chinese Ministry of Health and FAO / WHO Pesticide Residues (ADI ). The load of BHC and DDT in breast milk of local residents in Shenzhen is lower than the national average.