目的:了解脑血管病患者医院感染的特征及相关危险因素,探讨有效的预防及控制措施。方法:对我院脑血管病科2007年10月1日到2010年10月1日所有符合脑血管病的住院患者进行有关医院感染特征及相关危险因素的回顾性调查,并进行统计分析。结果:我院脑血管病科患者医院感染率为17.44%,以呼吸道感染为主,上呼吸道感染率为39.97%,下呼吸道感染率为27.46%;其次是泌尿道,感染率为16.12%。医院感染与疾病种类、住院天数、年龄、季节、治疗操作及抗生素的使用都有相关关系。结论:通过对脑血管病特殊群体的医院感染监测,及时发现问题,采取有效措施,建立良好的控制体系,有望降低脑血管病患者的医院感染率,提高治疗质量。 Objective: To understand the characteristics of nosocomial infections in patients with cerebrovascular disease and related risk factors, and to explore effective prevention and control measures. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted on all the hospitalized patients with cerebrovascular disease and their related risk factors from October 1, 2007 to October 1, 2010 in our department of cerebrovascular disease. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: The prevalence of nosocomial infection was 17.44% in our department of cerebrovascular disease. The main respiratory tract infections were upper respiratory tract infection rate of 39.97% and lower respiratory tract infection rate of 27.46%, followed by urinary tract infection rate of 16.12%. Nosocomial infections are related to the type of illness, length of hospital stay, age, season, treatment practice, and use of antibiotics. Conclusion: Through monitoring of nosocomial infections of special groups of cerebrovascular disease, timely detection of problems, effective measures and establishment of a good control system are expected to reduce the nosocomial infection rate of patients with cerebrovascular diseases and improve the quality of treatment.