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目的:评估Standford A型主动脉夹层体外循环术后血小板降低与患者死亡率的关联。方法:回顾性分析中国医学科学院阜外医院2017年5月至2018年12月498例Standford A型主动脉夹层外科手术患者的临床资料，其中男350例，女148例，年龄（51.7±12.0）岁。根据术后72 h内最低血小板计数将患者分为血小板降低组（血小板计数<75×10n 15/L，n n=178）与血小板正常组（血小板计数≥75×10n 15/L，n n=320），对其围手术期院内死亡率及相关并发症行logistic回归分析。主要终点为院内死亡率，次要终点包括二次开胸止血、肺部感染、术后持续肾脏替代治疗、截瘫、心力衰竭、住院时间及住重症监护病房（ICU）时间。n 结果:Standford A型主动脉夹层体外循环术后血小板降低发生率为35.7%（178/498）。单因素logistic回归分析显示，术后血小板计数降低与1项主要终点（院内死亡率）、7项次要终点明显相关（均n P<0.05）。多因素回归分析显示，主动脉夹层术后血小板计数降低会提高术后死亡率（n OR=12.57，95%n CI：2.26~69.93，n P=0.004）、二次开胸止血率（n OR=6.21，95%n CI：1.31~29.46，n P=0.022）、持续肾脏替代治疗率（n OR=7.51，95%n CI：2.53~22.34，n P<0.001）、截瘫（n OR=23.99，95%n CI：1.47~392.21，n P=0.026）、心力衰竭发生率（n OR=4.71，95%n CI：1.19~18.62，n P=0.027）及住ICU时间（n OR=1.86，95%n CI：1.11~3.12，n P=0.019）。n 结论:Standford A型主动脉夹层体外循环术后血小板降低（72 h内出现过最低值）与术后院内死亡率有关联。“,”Objective:To evaluate the association of thromboytopenia with mortality of Standford type A aortic dissection after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.Methods:Total of 498 patients with Standford type A aortic dissection after surgery in Fuwai Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from May 2017 to December 2018 were collected retrospectively. There were 350 males and 148 females, with a mean age of (51.7±12.0) years. The patients were divided into thrombocytopenia group (platelet count<75×10n 15/L, n n=178) and normal platelet group (platelet count≥75×10n 15/L, n n=320) according to the lowest platelet count within 72 hours after surgery. The perioperative in-hospital mortality and related complications were calculated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary endpoints included secondary thoracotomy, pneumonia, postoperative continuous renal replacement therapy, paraplegia, heart failure, length of hospital stay and intensive care unit (ICU) stay time.n Results:The morbidity of thrombocytopenia after Standford type A aortic dissection surgery was 35.7% (178/498). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that postoperative thrombocytopenia was significantly associated with in-hospital mortality and 7 secondary endpoints (n P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed thrombocytopenia after aortic dissection surgery was significantly associated with increased postoperative mortality (n OR=12.57, 95%n CI: 2.26-69.93, n P=0.004), secondary thoracotomy (n OR=6.21, 95%n CI: 1.31-29.46, n P=0.022), continuous renal replacement therapy (n OR=7.51, 95%n CI: 2.53-22.34, n P<0.001), paraplegia (n OR=23.99, 95%n CI: 1.47-392.21, n P=0.026), heart failure (n OR=4.71, 95%n CI: 1.19-18.62, n P=0.027) and longer ICU stay time (n OR=1.86, 95%n CI: 1.11-3.12, n P=0.019).n Conclusions:Thrombocytopenia after Standford type A aortic dissection after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery (the lowest platelet count within 72 hours) is strongly associated with postoperative in-hospital mortality. Trying to avoid the factors related to thrombocytopenia can prevent more complications at the same time.