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通过WS-4非自耗真空电弧炉熔炼制备了加铝的质量分数为2%~10%的不锈钢316L,用光学金相显微镜观察了金相组织,用EPMA-1600电子探针分析了组织中各元素的分布,结合D8 ADVANCE型X射线衍射确定了合金中的基体相组成,并研究了室温压缩性能和硬度。结果表明:随着铝含量增加,碳化物由连续条状转变为质点状;铝元素固溶于合金基体中,当铝的质量分数小于6%时,基体相为γ相;当铝的质量分数大于6%时,基体相转变为α相,此时合金脆性大幅提高,合金由塑性材料转变为脆性材料。
The stainless steel 316L with aluminum content of 2% -10% was prepared by WS-4 non-consumable vacuum electric arc furnace. The microstructure of the sample was observed with an optical microscope and analyzed by EPMA-1600 electron probe The distribution of each element, combined with D8 ADVANCE X-ray diffraction to determine the phase composition of the matrix in the alloy, and studied the compressibility and hardness at room temperature. The results show that the carbides change from continuous strip to particle shape with the increase of aluminum content. When the content of aluminum is less than 6%, the matrix phase is γ phase. When the mass fraction of aluminum When more than 6%, the matrix phase is transformed into α phase, the brittleness of the alloy increases greatly, and the alloy changes from plastic material to brittle material.