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目的 :观察在术后不同阶段静脉注射胆碱酯酶抑制剂毒扁豆碱对鼠痛阈的影响 ,以及静注毒扁豆碱和蛛网膜下腔注射吗啡的药物相互作用。方法 :6组SD大鼠 ,置入蛛网膜下腔和股静脉导管。采用辐射热刺激诱发的鼠腿撤退试验测痛阈 ,测试分别于术后 1～ 3h和术后 3d进行。动物分别接受静注毒扁豆碱、蛛网膜下腔注射吗啡及两者联合给药。比较术后 1～ 3h和 3d各种药物对痛阈的影响、联合给药与单独给药对痛阈的影响。药物的镇痛效应以最大可能效应的百分比 ( %MPE)表示。结果 :毒扁豆碱术后 1～ 3h静注导致 %MPE明显提高 ;毒扁豆碱与吗啡的联合给药效应在术后早期更明显 ;小剂量联合给药的镇痛作用明显大于双倍剂量单独给药的镇痛作用 ;联合给药的测得效应值明显大于估计叠加效应值。结论 :胆碱酯酶抑制剂毒扁豆碱在术后早期产生镇痛作用 ;静注毒扁豆碱与蛛网膜下腔注射吗啡的联合给药呈协同效应。
OBJECTIVE : To observe the effect of intravenous injection of cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine on rat pain threshold at different postoperative phases and the drug interaction between intravenous physostigmine and subarachnoid injection of morphine. Methods: Six groups of SD rats were placed into the subarachnoid space and femoral vein catheters. The pain threshold was measured by the rat leg withdrawal test induced by radiant heat stimulation. The test was performed at 1 to 3 hours after surgery and 3 days after surgery. Animals received intravenous physostigmine, morphine injected into the subarachnoid space, and a combination of the two. The effect of various drugs on the pain threshold, the effect of combined administration and single dose on the pain threshold were compared between 1 and 3 h and 3 d after surgery. The analgesic effect of the drug is expressed as a percentage of the maximum possible effect (%MPE). RESULTS: Intravenous injection of physostigmine for 1–3 h resulted in a significant increase in % MPE; the combined effect of physostigmine and morphine was more pronounced in the early postoperative period; the analgesic effect of low dose combined administration was significantly greater than that of double dose alone. The analgesic effect of the administration; the measured effect of the combined administration was significantly greater than the estimated additive effect. Conclusion : The cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine has an analgesic effect in the early postoperative period. The synergistic effect of the intravenous administration of physostigmine and the subarachnoid injection of morphine is synergistic.