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目的了解上海市中学预防艾滋病健康教育现状,为加强学校预防艾滋病健康教育提供依据。方法分别对随机抽取的上海市3所初中及4所高中的537名学生进行问卷调查,以及相关学科25名教师进行访谈。了解学生艾滋病相关知识掌握情况、学校采用的教学方法及师生对HIV/AIDS的态度。结果学校对艾滋病健康教育认识不足,相关教育未达到规定课时;缺乏教材和师资,教师有不少知识的知晓率低于50%;教育形式单一,针对性不强,可及性差;学生艾滋病知识存在缺陷,三大传播途径知晓率明显好于非传播途径知晓率。结论上海市中学预防艾滋病健康教育现状不容乐观;应加强教师培训工作,多层次多渠道开展教育,全方位开发教学资源,加强社会、学校、家庭“三位一体”联系。
Objective To understand the status quo of AIDS prevention health education in secondary schools in Shanghai and provide evidence for strengthening AIDS prevention education in schools. Methods A total of 537 students randomly selected from 3 junior high schools and 4 high schools in Shanghai were surveyed and 25 teachers from related disciplines were interviewed. Learn about AIDS-related knowledge of students, teaching methods used in schools, and attitudes toward HIV / AIDS among teachers and students. Results The school did not know enough about HIV / AIDS health education, the related education did not reach the required class hours, the lack of teaching materials and teachers, the awareness rate of teachers with less than 50% knowledge, the single form of education, poor pertinence and poor accessibility; There are flaws, the awareness of the three routes of transmission was significantly better than the rate of non-transmission of awareness. Conclusion The status quo of AIDS prevention health education in secondary schools in Shanghai is not optimistic. Teachers should be trained and multi-level and multi-channel education should be conducted to develop teaching resources in all aspects and to strengthen social, school and family ties.