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目的:了解汶川地震后灾民的心理健康状况,为对灾民进行心理干预提供科学依据。方法:采用创伤后应激障碍症状清单平民版(PCL-C)问卷对四川省绵阳市安县京安小区安置点的1100名灾民进行了随机调查。结果:安县灾民PCL-C均分者占调查人数的8.8%。女性PCL-C均分高于男性,不同年龄段PCL-C均分差异无统计学意义。文化程度方面文盲受损程度较高,其他不同学历组间PCL-C均分差异无统计学意义。地震前存在躯体疾病者PCL-C均分较高,地震中有掩埋经历者PTSD症状较严重。结论:地震灾害造成灾民的心理健康问题较为突出,加强心理卫生教育及对灾民的心理干预是非常必要的,尤以女性、震前存在躯体疾病以及有掩埋经历者应给予重点关注。
Objective: To understand the mental health status of the victims after the Wenchuan earthquake and provide a scientific basis for the psychological intervention of the victims. METHODS: A random survey of 1,100 victims of the resettlement site of Jing’an Community in An County, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, was conducted using the PCL-C questionnaire of the post-traumatic stress disorder symptom checklist. Results: PCL-C victims in An County accounted for 8.8% of the surveyed population. Female PCL-C was higher than men, PCL-C in different age groups showed no significant difference. The degree of illiteracy was higher in education level, while there was no significant difference in PCL-C among other education levels. Before the earthquake, there was a higher PCL-C in the somatic disease, and the symptoms of PTSD in the earthquake were more serious. Conclusion: It is very necessary for mental health problems caused by earthquake disaster. It is necessary to strengthen mental health education and psychological intervention for victims. Especially women, physical diseases before earthquake and burial experience should be given priority attention.