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目的探讨苦豆子对大鼠学习和记忆的影响。方法将48只SD大鼠随机分为正常组及苦豆子低、中、高剂量组。除正常组外,其余大鼠以80,120和160g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)的苦豆子粉连续灌胃给药30d。给药完成后,利用Morris水迷宫、穿梭避暗测试仪和跳台记录仪测定大鼠的学习和记忆能力,化学比色法测定大鼠脑组织中的AchE活性。结果与正常组相比,120和160g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)的苦豆子可使水迷宫实验中大鼠的潜伏期显著延长,穿越平台的次数明显减少(P<0.05或P<0.01);避暗实验中大鼠的错误次数明显增多,潜伏期显著缩短(P<0.05或P<0.01);穿梭实验给药组大鼠的主动回避反应次数显著减少,主动回避潜伏期明显延长(P<0.05或P<0.01);跳台实验给药组大鼠的下台潜伏期明显缩短,错误次数显著增加(P<0.01)。此外,苦豆子给药组大鼠脑组织中AchE活性也明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论 120和160g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)的苦豆子对大鼠学习和记忆具有损伤作用。
Objective To investigate the effect of Sophora alopecuroides on learning and memory in rats. Methods 48 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group and Sophora flavescens low, middle and high dose group. Except for the normal group, other rats were orally administered with 80, 120 and 160g · kg -1 (-1) bitter bean powder continuously for 30 days. After administration, the learning and memory ability of rats was measured by Morris water maze, shuttle darkness tester and tripod recorder, and the activity of AchE in rat brain was determined by chemical colorimetry. Results Compared with the normal group, Sophora alopecuroids at 120 and 160g · kg -1 d -1 significantly prolonged the latency of rats in water maze test and significantly decreased the number of rats crossing the platform (P <0.05 (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The number of active avoidance reaction in rats in shuttle experiment group was significantly decreased, and the latency of active avoidance was significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The latency of step-down test was significantly shortened and the number of errors significantly increased (P <0.01). In addition, AchE activity was significantly increased in the Sophora alopecuroides group (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusion Sophora alopecuroides with 120 and 160g · kg -1 (-1) d -1 have the effect of damaging learning and memory in rats.