文学经典是文学中最具价值的部分,它除了经由作者的创作得以问世,还需要批评家、文学史专家的评述、推荐,在经过一番认定之后才得以跻身文学殿堂。我们可以把作者创作的成果看成是文学经典的先天条件,而经由批评家等方面的认定则是文学经典的后天生成。这种后天生成有着一套机制,本文从三方面加以分析:首先,分析文学的父姓传统,表面看,经典作品是作者的创造,而其实是批评家等后来的工作所决定的。其次,分析文学经典后天生成的三维,即文学史定位、文学批评阐释和环绕着经典作品的文学语境,它们共同构成了某一作品是否值得推崇为文学经典的条件。再者,关于文学经典机制的思考。文学经典后天形成的过程,需要批评家等因素发挥作用,此外,还有超越个人的客观因素的参与,新的社会的、文化的甚至是技术方面的变革,都可能对经典机制产生影响。 Literary classics is the most valuable part of literature. Apart from being published by the author, literary classics still need the comments and suggestions of critics and literary history experts, and only after some recognition can they become one of the literary halls. We can regard the achievement of author creation as the innate condition of literary classics, and the recognition by critics and others is the enlightenment of literary classics. This kind of acquired has a set of mechanism. This article analyzes from three aspects. First of all, it analyzes the patriarchal tradition of literature. On the surface, the classic works are the author’s creation, which is actually determined by the later work of critics. Secondly, this paper analyzes the three dimensions of the literary canon, that is, the orientation of literary history, the literary criticism and the literary context surrounding the classic works, which together form the condition of whether a work worthy of esteem as a literary canon. Furthermore, thinking about the classic mechanism of literature. The process of the formation of literary classics requires the help of critics and other factors. In addition, there are objective factors beyond the individual’s participation, and new social, cultural and even technological changes may have an impact on the classical mechanisms.