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法国人类学家对米歇尔·福柯研究的评价和其美国同行的评价完全不同。前者给予它们相当冷静的接纳;相反,后者却将其作为一个必备的参考。此种差异值得分析,因为它显示了美国和法国人类学的视野差异。在更深的层次上,它突显了哲学和人类学的关系问题。以北美人类学为例,福柯对权力和知识的反思影响了20世纪末发展起来的批判思维。本文同时也展示了福柯关于权力的写作对目下政治人类学发展的影响:今天,他关于统治术和生物政治学的概念已经享有可观的影响力,而且这些概念,我们也可以发现,已经在诸多经验研究中得到应用。
The French anthropologist’s assessment of Michelle Foucault’s research is completely different from that of his American counterparts. The former gave them a rather calm acceptance; on the contrary, the latter took it as a necessary reference. This difference is worth analyzing because it shows the difference in perspectives of anthropology between the United States and France. At a deeper level, it highlights the relationship between philosophy and anthropology. Taking North American anthropology as an example, Foucault’s reflections on power and knowledge have influenced the critical thinking developed at the end of the 20th century. This article also shows how Foucault’s influence on the current development of political anthropology about the writing of power: Today, his concepts of dominance and biopolitics have had a considerable influence, and these concepts, we can also find out, Many empirical studies have been applied.