该研究通过一系列的土柱实验研究土壤中硅和重金属的反应机制。土柱实验在可溶性镉、铜、镍和铅酸盐的情况下，用各种活性硅（硅藻土，沸石，无定形二氧化硅，浓缩单硅酸）处理灰森林土。所有富硅物质都用电子显微镜测试分析过。富硅物质对土壤中重金属的钝化试验结果表明：硅藻土和浓缩单硅酸比沸石和无定形二氧化硅更能降低重金属的移动性。重金属移动性的降低是由土壤溶液中单硅酸和重金属的反应，以及富硅物质表面对重金属的吸附实现的。重金属在土壤中移动的强度与自身种类有关。施用富硅物质可明显降低镉和镍的移动性，对铜和铅的效果不明显。“,”A series of column experiments were performed to investigate the mecha-nisms of silicon (Si) and heavy metals (HM) interaction in the soil. The column ex-periments were conducted with Gray Forest Soil treated by various forms of active Si (diatomaceous earth, zeolite, amorphous silicon dioxide and concentrated monosilicic acid) in environment pol uted conditions with soluble salts of Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb. Al Si-rich substances used in the test were analyzed with electron scan microscope. The results of HM immobilization in soil by Si-rich materials showed that diatomaceous earth and concentrated monosilicic acid immobilized HM better than zeolite and amorphous silicon dioxide. The reductions in HM mobility were re-alized by the reaction between monosilicic acid and HM in soil solution and by ad-sorption of HM on Si-rich surface. The intensity of HM movement through soil de-pended on the type of HM. The maximum reduction of HM mobility with application of Si-rich substances was obtained for Cd and Ni and less effect was observed for Cu and Pb.