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目的了解上海市老年人两周患病情况及其影响因素,为老年人的健康管理提供依据。方法使用第五次国家卫生服务调查上海市数据,采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,共抽取上海市17个区县11 103名老年人为调查对象,调查其基本情况、一年内是否进行健康体检、两周患病情况等。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验和Kruskal-Wallis H检验进行单因素分析,采用有序logistic回归进行多因素分析,探究影响上海市60岁及以上老年人两周患病人次数的因素。结果被调查老年人的两周患病总人次数为8 943人次,两周患病率为805.458‰。两周患病疾病构成比中,最多的是高血压和糖尿病,分别占总患病人次的59.4%(5 314/8 943)和14.9%(1 332/8 943)。经单因素和多因素分析,影响两周患病情况的主要因素为年龄、就业状况、职业类型、一年内是否进行健康体检。结论上海市老年人两周患病率高于全国水平,应针对影响两周患病率的因素进行健康指导,实现健康老龄化。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influential factors of the two-week prevalence of the elderly in Shanghai and provide the basis for the health management of the elderly. Methods A total of 11 103 elderly people from 17 districts and counties of Shanghai were enrolled in this study using the fifth national health service survey of Shanghai city data and multi-stage stratified cluster sampling to investigate the basic situation and health within one year Physical examination, two weeks of illness and so on. Univariate analysis using Wilcoxon rank sum test and Kruskal-Wallis H test, and multivariate analysis using ordinal logistic regression to explore the factors affecting the number of patients in Shanghai aged 60 years and over in two weeks. Results The total number of sick persons who were investigated for two weeks in the surveyed elderly population was 8 943, with a prevalence of 805.458 ‰ for two weeks. The two-week prevalence of hypertension accounted for the highest proportion of hypertension and diabetes, accounting for 59.4% (5 314/8 943) and 14.9% (1 332/8 943) of the total number of patients respectively. After univariate and multivariate analysis, the main factors influencing the two-week prevalence were age, employment status, occupation type and health examination within one year. Conclusion The prevalence of the two-week elderly in Shanghai is higher than that of the whole country. Healthy guidance should be given to the factors influencing the prevalence of two weeks to achieve healthy aging.