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本文基于ITC官方网站上公布的反倾销、反补贴调查终裁投票数据,从ITC委员投票行为入手,分析ITC如何应对来自国内利益集团贸易保护压力的问题。研究发现,在分歧案件关键票中的肯定票比率呈现出明显的党派差异和个体差异,该比率体现了委员们的真实贸易政策立场和对待捐资企业的真实态度。但在分歧案件的非关键票中,多数委员倾向于作出与自身真实立场相悖的表决,以掩饰其真实立场。由于立场与国内利益集团的贸易保护诉求相悖,共和党委员的掩饰倾向更加强烈。ITC也倾向于将立场更鲜明的委员的投票顺序安排在后三位,从而给予他们更多利用非关键票掩饰真实立场的机会。通过上述手段,ITC委员们得以将其整体的肯定票比率调整到较“温和”的水平,以应对来自国内利益集团的政治压力。
This article based on ITC official website published anti-dumping, anti-subsidy investigation of the final vote data from ITC members to vote on the behavior of ITC how to deal with the pressure from the protection of domestic interest groups issues. The study found that the percentage of affirmative votes in the key votes of disagreements shows obvious differences between parties and individual differences. The ratio reflects the real trade policy positions of members and the true attitude toward the donated enterprises. However, among the non-critical votes of disagreement cases, most members tend to vote in opposition to their true position so as to disguise their true position. Republicans have a more disguising tendencies because their positions run counter to the demands of the protectionist interests of domestic interest groups. ITC also tended to put the votes of the more prominent members in the last three places, giving them more opportunities to use non-essential votes to hide their true positions. By doing so, ITC members are able to adjust their overall affirmative voting rate to a more “moderate” level in response to political pressure from domestic interest groups.