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辐射照射许可标准及其制定方法必须体现维护健康和民主的原则。当辐射危害的科学是不确定的时候,举证没有构成危险的责任在于危险源的一方,而不在可能受影响的公众的或工作人员一方。科学论证的进程必须对公众透明,必须考虑所有的相关危险问题和疾病终点(不仅是癌),必须考虑受到辐射危险的人们的实际经验和意见。科学家们往往太轻视公众的经验和权益,尽管常常证明公众和工作人员的意见对于制定辐射防护原则是有价值的。既要礼貌地体现工作人员和公众的关注、观点和经验,又要维护高标准的科学工作,必须是标准制定过程的基础部分。ICRP阐明的“强加的危险必须伴有明确的利益”的原则应当是标准制定过程中一个更加明确的部分,必须保证所有已知的危险是被揭示出来了,所怀疑的危险如某些放射性核素与紊乱荷尔蒙的化学品之间可能的协同作用是得到了认真的考虑。最后,鉴于许多放射性核素的长寿命特性和未来自然的、社会的、经济的以及其它条件的巨大不确定度,在制定标准的过程中如何体现子孙后代的权益是一个困难的但是至关重要的的问题。
The standards for radiation exposure and their methods of formulation must reflect the principle of maintaining health and democracy. Where the science of radiation hazards is uncertain, the burden of proof is not on the party responsible for the hazard, but not on the public or staff who may be affected. The process of scientific justification must be transparent to the public, all relevant risk issues and end points (not just cancer) must be taken into consideration, and the actual experience and opinions of people at risk of radiation must be considered. Scientists tend to underestimate the public’s experience and their rights too often, though often demonstrating that the opinions of the public and the staff are valuable for the development of radiation protection principles. It is necessary to politely reflect the concerns, opinions and experiences of staff members and the public as well as to maintain a high standard of scientific work, which must form the basis of the standard-setting process. The principle that “the imposition of a risk must be accompanied by a clear interest” stated by the ICRP should be a clearer part of the standard-setting process and that all known risks must be disclosed, such as certain radionuclides The possible synergy between the hormone and chemicals that disrupt hormones is given serious consideration. Finally, given the long-lived nature of many radionuclides and the great uncertainty about natural, social, economic and other conditions in the future, it is difficult but crucial to reflect the interests of future generations in standard setting The problem.