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在科技期刊的编辑工作中,经常遇到带偏差的数字,形式为a±b。然而,与统计学相关的这种形式中,有些量并非偏差,如生物医学研究中的标准差。本文分析了几种常见的以偏差形式表示的量,认为a±b的形式既可表示基本尺寸与偏差,也可表示非偏差性质的其他含义,尤其是统计量。因此,建议仅当表示前一种性质时采用a±b的形式,表示其他量时相应用文字或符号标记,如“平均年龄x(S=s)岁”。统计学中的均数和标准差合适精确度的取舍研究莫衷一是,期刊的把关也不尽相同,理论上与标准差、检验水平、样本数有关,为简便和适应范围广计,建议实际应用中统计学精确度取至标准差前两位非零数字、保留均数至相同的精确度。
In the editing of sci-tech periodicals, frequently encountered numbers with deviations, in the form of a ± b. However, in this form of statistical relevance, some are not biased, such as the standard deviation in biomedical research. In this paper, we analyze several commonly expressed quantities in terms of deviations, and consider that the form of a ± b can represent both basic dimensions and deviations, as well as other meanings of non-deviant properties, especially statistics. Therefore, it is advisable to use the form a ± b only when expressing the former property, indicating that other words or signs should be used for other quantities, such as “mean age x (S = s) years old”. Statistical average and standard deviation of the accuracy of the trade-off between the study is not clear, the journals are not the same, in theory, and standard deviation, test level, the number of samples, for the convenience and wide range of adaptation, it is recommended in practical applications Statistical accuracy is taken to the first two non-zero digits of the standard deviation, preserving the mean to the same accuracy.