目的:探讨辅助生殖技术中取卵失败(failed oocyte retrieval,FOR)的发病率、原因及预后。方法:从同济医院生殖中心2000.01～2009.05期间所有病例中筛查出所有取卵失败周期,分析可能的原因,并通过后续周期获卵及妊娠情况,分析不同原因取卵失败患者的预后情况。结果:共有10 279个取卵周期,其中49个周期(0.48%)取卵失败。35个周期(71.4%)取卵失败与卵巢反应不良有关,4个周期为人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)作用时间不足所致,5个周期与卵子发育障碍相关,其余5个周期原因不明。hCG因素的3个后续周期中,2例分别获卵9枚、8枚,1例临床妊娠;1例左侧卵巢取卵失败时停止取卵,24 h后穿刺右侧卵巢,共取到卵7枚,移植2个胚胎但未妊娠。原因不明的3个后续周期中2例分别获卵13枚、7枚,均临床妊娠;另1例左侧卵巢取卵失败时停止取卵,6 h后行第2次取卵仍未获卵。卵子发育障碍患者中1例继续行助孕治疗,共启动3个周期,平均取卵1.3±1.5枚,未妊娠。卵巢反应不良患者中5例继续行助孕治疗,共行6个后续周期,其中1例取卵32枚,因OHSS取消移植;另5个周期平均获卵3.2±2.6枚,1例临床妊娠。结论:取卵失败发病率低,本中心发病率仅0.48%(49/10 279)。卵巢反应不良、hCG作用时间不足及卵子发育障碍为常见原因。单纯由hCG因素导致的取卵失败预后良好,卵子发育障碍者预后欠佳,卵巢反应不良和不明原因的取卵失败预后决定于内在病因。 Objective: To investigate the incidence, causes and prognosis of failed oocyte retrieval (FOR) in assisted reproductive technology. Methods: All the cases of ovulation failure were screened from all cases of reproductive center of Tongji Hospital from 2000.01 to 2009.05. The possible causes were analyzed. The prognosis of patients with failed ovulation due to different causes were analyzed by subsequent cycles of egg and pregnancy. RESULTS: There were 10 279 oocyte retrieval cycles, of which 49 cycles (0.48%) failed to achieve oocyte retrieval. The 35 cycles (71.4%) were related to poor ovarian response due to failure of ovulation. The 4 cycles were due to lack of time for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), 5 cycles were associated with oocyte developmental disorder, and the remaining 5 cycles were unknown. Among 3 follow-up cycles of hCG, 9 cases were found in 2 cases, 8 cases in 1 case and 1 case in clinical pregnancy. One case of ovarian failure in the left ovary stopped ovulation, and the right ovary was punctured 24 hours later to obtain eggs Seven, 2 embryos were transplanted but not yet pregnant. Two of the three follow-up cycles of unknown cause were ovulated with 13 and 7, all of whom were in clinical pregnancy. In the other case, ovulation was stopped when the ovulation failed, and the second egg was not obtained after 6 h . One of the patients with ooplasm dysplasia continued to be assisted in pregnancy, and a total of three cycles were initiated, with an average of 1.3 ± 1.5 eggs and no pregnancy. Ovarian dysfunction in 5 patients continue to be assisted pregnancy, a total of six follow-up cycles, including 32 cases of ovulation in 32, due to OHSS cancel transplant; the other five cycles average of 3.2 ± 2.6 eggs, 1 case of clinical pregnancy. Conclusion: The incidence of ovulation failure is low, the incidence of the center was only 0.48% (49/10 279). Poor ovarian response, lack of hCG action, and oocyte developmental disorders are common causes. A simple prognosis of failed ovulation due to hCG factors, poor prognosis of oocyte developmental disorders, poor ovarian response, and unexplained loss of ovarian outcome depend on the underlying cause.