目的:对新疆喀什地区结核分支杆菌耐药现状进行分析。方法分析2010年6月1日-2010年12月31日间分离培养出并进行菌型鉴定确认的136株结核分枝杆菌药物敏感试验结果,包括异烟肼、利福平、链霉素、乙胺丁醇、氧氟沙星、卷曲霉素、卡那霉素、阿米卡星。对8种药物采用比例法进行药物敏感性检测。结果 136株结核分离株中109例(80.15%)为人结核分枝杆菌,26例(19.12%)为牛结核分支杆菌。患者总耐药率为32.35%,初始耐药率28.57%,获得性耐药率为35.00%。8种耐任一抗结核药物的耐药率占前四位的分别为:异烟肼、链霉素、利福平、乙胺丁醇。结论新疆喀什地区结核耐药现状严峻,分型以人结核分支杆菌为主。 Objective: To analyze the drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Kashgar region of Xinjiang. Methods The results of 136 sensitive tests of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated and cultured from June 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010 were identified, including isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, Ethambutol, ofloxacin, capreomycin, kanamycin, amikacin. The proportion of eight drugs using drug sensitivity test. Results Among the 136 TB isolates, 109 (80.15%) were human M. tuberculosis and 26 (19.12%) were M. bovis. The total patient resistance rate was 32.35%, the initial drug resistance rate was 28.57% and the acquired drug resistance rate was 35.00%. Resistance to any one of the eight anti-tuberculosis drug resistance rates accounted for the top four were: isoniazid, streptomycin, rifampicin, ethambutol. Conclusion The prevalence of tuberculosis resistance in Kashgar region of Xinjiang is severe, with the majority being Mycobacterium tuberculosis.