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文天祥于南宋景炎元年(一二七六)拜右丞相、枢密使兼都督诸路军马,与元军周旋于福建汀州、漳州等地。景炎三年(一二七八),授少保、信国公,移屯广东海丰,军溃被执。祥兴二年己卯即元世祖至元十六年(一二七九)四月,被解往大都(今北京)。在道绝食八日,不死。拘燕地三年,终不屈,直至至元十九年(一二八三)十二月九日慷慨赴义。其所著《指南录》、《指南后录》、《集杜诗》等,流传甚广,影响颇巨。
Wen Tianxiang in the first year of the Southern Song Dynasty King Kong (one two seven six) thanks to the right prime minister, the Central Government to make the Dukes of the military governor and the Yuan army swirled in Fujian Tingzhou, Zhangzhou and other places. King Yan three years (one two seven eight), grant less Paul, letter to the public, relocated Guangdong Haifeng, military defeat was executed. Cheung Hing two years his own Matilda Yuan Shizu Yuan sixteen years (1279) in April, was dissolved to most (now Beijing). On the road hunger strike on the eighth, not die. Yan Yan three years, finally indomitable, until January 19 (January 28) December 9 generous justice. The book “Guidance Catalog”, “guide postscript”, “set Du poem”, spread widely, the impact is quite huge.