通过试验和调查研究 ,对 1998年小麦粒重降低原因进行了分析。结果表明 ,厄尔尼诺现象造成气候条件的异常是粒重普遍降低的基本原因 ;麦蚜为害是粒重大幅度降低的重要原因 ;而品种的综合抗性差以及栽培管理不及时更是其主要原因。重视培养地力 ,选用综合抗性强的小麦品种 ,抓好中后期追肥、浇水管理和加强病虫防治等 ,是保证小麦获得高而稳的粒重 ,实现小麦持续增产增收的战略性措施 Through the experiment and the investigation and study, the reason of 1998 grain weight reduction was analyzed. The results showed that the abnormal climate conditions resulted from the El Niño phenomenon was the basic reason for the general decrease of grain weight. The wheat aphid damage was the important reason for the significant decrease of grain weight. The poor comprehensive resistance and cultivation management were the main reasons. It is a strategic measure to ensure high and stable grain weight of wheat to achieve sustained yield increase and income increase of wheat by focusing on cultivating fertility, selecting comprehensive wheat varieties with strong resistance and comprehensively applying top dressing, watering management and pest control in the middle and later stages