最近,笔者对河北省唐山市十县区农民参加自学考试情况进行了调查,旨在探讨如何改革和完善自学考试工作,更好地为农村经济发展服务。 据调查,唐山市各县区农民参加自学考试的现状是: 一、参考人数少。全市十县区1995年下半年中参加自考的有23000人次,农民只有1682人次,占总数的0.73％。 二、及格率低。十县区中参加自学考试的平均及格率为48％,而农民只有2％。唐海近三年内,农民考生的及格率仅有1％,不少农民连续几次参加考试,都未能闯过及格关。 三、流失率高。虽然每年参加自学考试的农民绝对数量略有上升,但以新考生居多,不少农民考生不能坚持到底‘冲途流失严重,有的县农民考生流失率高达60％,最低县区也达30％。 四、参加自考动力不足。参加自考的农民考生中,以应往居初高中返乡毕业生居多,他们参加自考,多数是抱着“试试看”的态度,认为毕业不毕业,对自己利益也没有多大的影响,形成一种消极的心态。 形成上述状况的主要原因是“三难”: 一是开考内容与农村经济发展脱节,难以致用。目前,在自考开设的各类科目中,主要以宏观经济类和文史类为主,千军万马只考有限的几个专业,许多农村考生感到所学的内容不能应用到生产、生活中去,只是为捞一个学历而考试,学习方向不对头,限制了自学考试的积 Recently, I conducted a survey on the situation of peasants participating in self-study examinations in ten counties of Tangshan City, Hebei Province, aiming at exploring how to reform and improve self-study examinations so as to better serve rural economic development. According to the survey, farmers in all counties and districts of Tangshan City, the status quo of self-study exam is: First, the reference number is small. In the second half of 1995, ten counties and districts in the city took part in self-examination with 23,000 people, with farmers only having 1682 people, accounting for 0.73% of the total. Second, the pass rate is low. The average passing rate of attending self-study examinations in ten counties and districts is 48%, while that of peasants is only 2%. Tanghai nearly three years, the passing rate of farmers candidates only 1%, many farmers participated in the exam several times, have failed to pass the pass. Third, the loss rate is high. Although the absolute number of peasants participating in the self-study exam increases slightly each year, most of them are new examinees. Many peasants can not persist in the end. The loss of rush-way is as high as 60% in some counties and 30% in the lowest county. . Fourth, to participate in self motivation. Among the peasant candidates who took part in the self-examination, most of the graduates who returned to primary schools should return to their hometown. Most of them take a self-examination, most of whom hold a “try-it-you-feel” attitude. They think that graduating from graduation does not have much impact on their own interests and forms a A negative attitude. The main reason for the above situation is the “three difficulties”: First, the contents of the exams are out of step with the rural economic development and are hard to come by. At present, among the various subjects opened for examination, the main subjects are mainly macroeconomic categories and literary and historical categories. Only a limited number of military professionals are allowed to test. Many rural candidates feel that what they have learned can not be applied to production or daily life , Just for fishing and a degree exam, learning in the wrong direction, limiting the self-study exam product