论文部分内容阅读
目的:该文旨在描述环境健康对经济评估的必要条件和起点。而且,对德国进行一项包含成本计算方案的分析。方法:为了计算出环境健康造成的成本,我们选择了从特定疾病的角度出发做研究。使用德国联邦统计局的国家数据和世界卫生组织关于疾病负担预计的报告来识别德国最重要的疾病种类。电脑数据库中有大量的文献研究资料,国内和国际出版社也出版了很多相关书籍,这些资料都对德国疾病费用研究和识别环境贡献份额(EAFs)起到了重要的作用。在这些数据的基础上,通过自上而下的方式计算出环境健康费用。结果:根据特定的实例分析,由环境造成的直接疾病费用和间接疾病费用每年增加150—620亿欧元。我们的研究提出了一种试验计划,该计划描述了特定环境健康的经济负担是如何形成的,以及主要环境性接触和经济成分各自所占的比例,这些研究成果有利于制定干预重点和评估干预措施效率。结论:在该研究中,通过现成的、或容易获取的数据,以及制定环境政策的预测影响,我们能够计算出德国的环境健康费用。然而,由于一些关于环境造成的疾病的病原学文档没有保存好,所有相关德国疾病的数据也没有进行特殊保护,因此数据质量有限。
Purpose: This paper aims to describe the necessary conditions and starting points for environmental assessment of the economy. Furthermore, an analysis of the cost calculation scheme was carried out in Germany. Methods: In order to calculate the cost of environmental health, we chose to do research from a disease-specific perspective. Using the German Federal Statistics Office’s national data and the World Health Organization’s report on the projected burden of disease to identify the most important types of disease in Germany. There is a wealth of literature available in computerized databases, and many relevant books have been published by national and international publishers, all of which play an important role in researching and identifying the contribution of environmental contributions (EAFs) to disease expenditures in Germany. Based on these data, environmental health costs are calculated from the top down. Results: Based on the specific case analysis, the costs of direct and indirect illness caused by the environment increased by € 1.5-620 billion annually. Our research proposes a pilot program that describes how the economic burdens of particular environmental health emerge and the proportions of major environmental exposures and economic components that contribute to the development of intervention priorities and assessment interventions Efficiency measures. Conclusions: In this study, we can calculate the environmental health costs in Germany through readily available data or readily available data, and by predicting the impact of environmental policies. However, the data quality is limited due to the fact that some etiological documents on environmental diseases are not preserved and all data on related German diseases are not specifically protected.