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探讨企业、工人、卫生监督机构及卫生技术服务机构等职业卫生相关各方在提高职业卫生工作中的作用和效率,以冀提出建立有效职业卫工作机制的建议。收集6家小型铅酸蓄电池厂所在地卫生监督部门、职业卫生服务机构、用人单位及劳动者参与职业卫生工作资料;分析2004年及2007年工作场所空气中铅烟及铅尘浓度、工人血铅浓度,以评价职业卫生工作的效果。结果显示,800余人在该6家工厂从事生产性劳动。各方都参与了职业卫生工作,但大多数工厂的工作岗位铅浓度超过国家职业卫生标准。2007年铅尘浓度及超标率较2004年明显下降,但每年均有约50%工人的血铅浓度超标。提示,大多数工厂改善职业卫生状况的措施需提高效率;相关方应建立相互信任的合作关系,建立跨学科的技术服务队伍,发展低成本高效益的一级预防措施及技术。
To discuss the role and efficiency of occupational health-related parties such as enterprises, workers, health supervision agencies and health technology service agencies in improving occupational health work so as to propose the establishment of an effective working mechanism for occupational health. Collected six small-scale lead-acid battery factory where the health supervision departments, occupational health service agencies, employers and workers involved in occupational health work data; analysis of workplace air in 2004 and lead plume dust and lead dust concentration, blood lead concentration , To evaluate the effect of occupational health work. The results showed that more than 800 people engaged in productive work in the six factories. All parties involved in occupational health work, but most factories have lead concentrations higher than the national occupational health standards. In 2007, the lead dust concentration and over-standard rate dropped significantly from 2004, but about 50% of the workers exceeded the blood lead level every year. It is suggested that measures to improve occupational health in most factories need to be more efficient. Stakeholders should establish a cooperative relationship based on mutual trust and establish an interdisciplinary technical service team to develop low-cost and cost-effective first-level preventive measures and technologies.