药物代谢动力学简称药代动力学,是研究药物在体内的吸收、分布、结构转化和排泄过程的一门新兴科学。临床医生掌握药代动力学的知识可以指导临床合理用药。下面扼要介绍药代动力学的基本概念: 一、药物的血浆治疗浓度范围当给病人一剂药物后,就可测得其血浆的药物浓度(血药浓度),但是给同一剂量药物于不同的患者,受年龄、体重、种族、生理病理状态以及环境等因素的影响,药物的吸收、代谢、排泄不同,将得到不同的药物效应,同时测得不同的药物浓度。血浆的药物浓度与组织的药物浓度是相关的,事实证明,血药浓度与临床疗效的关系比剂量与疗效的关系更密切。如地高辛的治疗浓度范围为0.8～2ug/ml,即说明当血药浓度低于0.8ug/ml时,不能得到满意的疗效,当高于2ug/m1时,有药物中毒的危险。所以血药浓度可用于监护治疗及确定药物剂量。应当指出,有些感染组织缺乏血液供应 Pharmacokinetics referred to as pharmacokinetics, is to study the absorption of drugs in the body, distribution, structural transformation and excretion of a new science. Clinicians to master the knowledge of pharmacokinetics can guide clinical rational use of drugs. The following briefly introduces the basic concepts of pharmacokinetics: First, the plasma concentration range of drugs When the patient after a drug, you can measure the plasma drug concentration (plasma concentration), but to the same dose of drug in different Patients, by age, weight, race, physiological and pathological conditions and the environment and other factors, the absorption of drugs, metabolism, excretion different, will have different drug effects, while measuring different drug concentrations. Plasma drug concentration and tissue drug concentration is related to the fact that blood concentration and clinical efficacy of the relationship between dose and efficacy more closely. Such as digoxin treatment concentration range of 0.8 ~ 2ug / ml, that when the plasma concentration is lower than 0.8ug / ml, can not be satisfied with the effect, when more than 2ug / ml, there is the danger of drug poisoning. So blood concentration can be used for custody treatment and to determine the dose of medicine. It should be noted that some infected tissues lack blood supply