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目的:探讨积极独处等人格特征对高中学生学业成绩的影响。方法:采用独处行为量表测试364名高三学生,并与他们2011年的语文、数学和外语三科高考成绩进行相关和逐步回归分析。结果:①积极独处得分与三科高考成绩呈正相关(数学=0.138、语文=0.142、英语=0.241),社交回避与数学成绩的相关也达到显著水平(r=0.113);②积极独处对三科高考成绩都有正向预测作用,社交回避对数学成绩有正向预测作用,而孤僻对英语成绩有负向预测作用。结论:积极独处人格特征具有提高高中生学习效率和解决问题的作用,支持“积极独处更能代表自我实现者的独处心理特征”的观点。
Objective: To explore the impact of active solitude and other personality traits on the academic performance of high school students. Methods: 364 junior high school students were tested with the Solitary Behavior Scale (QOL). Correlation and step-by-step regression analysis were conducted with their 2011 college entrance scores in Chinese, math and foreign languages. Results: ①The score of positive solitude was positively correlated with the scores of college entrance examination (math = 0.138, Chinese = 0.142, English = 0.241), and the correlation between social avoidance and math scores also reached significant level (r = 0.113) College entrance examination scores have a positive predictive effect, social avoidance has a positive predictive effect on math performance, and withdrawn have a negative predictive effect on English achievement. Conclusion: The positive and independent personality trait plays an important role in improving senior high school students’ learning efficiency and problem solving, and supports the view that “being alone and being able to better represent the solitary psychological characteristics of self-actualizers”.