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建国以来,巴基斯坦一直奉行动员国内外资金提高投资率来加快经济发展的政策。巴国内储蓄率低,投资率与储蓄率间的巨大差额要通过国外资金填补,即依靠外国援助发展经济,这是巴经济发展中一个重要而突出的特点。因此,外援在巴国民经济建设中占有重要地位,具有重大影响。一、利用外援的特点巴基斯坦接受和使用外国经济援助始于1950年的科伦坡计划,1951年2月,同美国签定第一个技术援助协定,1952年,从世界银行获得第一笔工程贷款,同年9月,同美国华盛顿进出口银行签定第一笔商品贷款协定。自此以后,巴接受的外国经援与年俱增,数量越来越大:外国承诺给巴的经援量在50年代平均每年为1.57亿美元,六、七十年代上升为5.85亿美元和10亿美元,80年代在20亿美元以上,1990-91年度估计为35.7亿美元,比整个第
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Pakistan has been pursuing a policy of mobilizing domestic and foreign funds to increase the investment rate so as to speed up economic development. The low domestic saving rate and the huge difference between the investment rate and the savings rate are to be filled by foreign funds, that is, relying on foreign aid to develop the economy is an important and prominent feature of Pakistan’s economic development. Therefore, foreign aid occupies an important position in the economic construction of Pakistani people and has a significant impact. First, the characteristics of the use of foreign aid Pakistan’s acceptance and use of foreign economic assistance began in Colombo in 1950 plan, in February 1951, signed the first technical assistance agreement with the United States in 1952, obtained the first project loan from the World Bank, In September the same year, signed the first commodity loan agreement with the U.S. Export-Import Bank of Washington. Since then, the foreign aid received by Palestine has been increasing with each passing year. The amount of foreign aid promised to Palestine averaged 157 million U.S. dollars each year in the 1950s and 585 million U.S. dollars in the 1960s and 1970s. 1 billion U.S. dollars, more than 2 billion U.S. dollars in the 1980s and 3.57 billion U.S. dollars in 1990-91,