中国民族艺术具有悠久的历史,它在自身的传统基础上,吸收融合其他民族绘画的营养,创造了本民族特有的艺术语言。中国民族艺术中的色彩表现以其装饰性和情感性为主要特征,呈现出了五彩纷呈、辉煌灿烂的局面。与中国传统五行学说互为关系的五色系统是中国对世界色彩学领域的独特贡献,形成了独具特色的东方色彩美学体系。笔者研究了民族传统色彩观在中国各历史时期的演进变化,通过对古代壁画、纸本重彩画、水墨画、民间艺术等剖解分析,展现出了中国民族艺术色彩运用的特色与成就。 Chinese national art has a long history. On the basis of its own tradition, it absorbs and integrates the nutrition of other national paintings and creates its own unique artistic language. The color performance in Chinese national art is characterized by its decorativeness and emotionality, showing a colorful and splendid situation. The five-color system, which is related to the traditional Chinese five-element theory, is China’s unique contribution to the field of world color science and has formed a distinctive oriental color aesthetic system. The author studies the evolution of the national traditional color concept in various historical periods in China. By analyzing and analyzing the ancient murals, paperweight paintings, ink paintings and folk art, the author shows the characteristics and achievements of the application of the color of Chinese national art.