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为了解老年人大肠息肉和大肠癌的临床特点，更好地预防老年人大肠肿瘤的发生和早期诊断大肠癌，对２４８例老年人大肠息肉和大肠癌的临床及病理作一回顾性分析。结果老年人大肠息肉和大肠癌的检出率分别为３３．３％和２３．３％，并有以下特点：（１）大肠息肉和大肠癌是老年人便血的主要原因，炎性息肉、腺瘤性息肉及大肠癌三者的便血率依次增高；（２）息肉检出率显著高于普通人群息肉检出率，且腺瘤性息肉占７３．８％；（３）多发性息肉比例较高，并以腺瘤性息肉为主，占８０．７％，且多发生于不同的肠段；（４）老年人大肠癌低恶性程度者多；（５）大肠腺瘤性息肉常与大肠癌并存，二者多发生于不同肠段。因此，我们认为便血是老年人大肠镜检查的有力指征；大肠镜检查时不应满足于远端大肠病变的诊断，应尽可能检查全大肠；对老年人大肠息肉，尤其是多发性息肉及直径大于１．０ｃｍ者应积极切除。
To understand the clinical features of elderly patients with colorectal polyps and colorectal cancer, to better prevent the occurrence of colorectal cancer in the elderly and early diagnosis of colorectal cancer, a retrospective analysis of 248 cases of elderly patients with colorectal polyps and colorectal cancer clinical and pathological analysis. Results The detection rates of colorectal polyps and colorectal cancer in the elderly were 33.3% and 23.3%, respectively, and had the following characteristics: (1) Colorectal polyps and colorectal cancer were the main causes of blood in the elderly, inflammatory polyps, and glands The bloody stool rate of neoplastic polyps and colorectal cancer increased in turn; (2) The polyp detection rate was significantly higher than that in the general population, and adenomatous polyps accounted for 73.8%; (3) The proportion of polyp High, and mainly adenomatous polyps, accounting for 80.7%, and occurred in different segments of the bowel; (4) more of the low-grade degree of colorectal cancer in the elderly; (5) colorectal adenomatous polyps often with the large intestine Cancer co-exists, both occur in different segments of the intestine. Therefore, we believe that blood in the stool is a strong indication for colonoscopy in the elderly; colonoscopy should not be satisfied with the diagnosis of distal colon disease, it should be possible to check the entire large intestine; for the elderly colorectal polyps, especially multiple polyps and Diameter greater than 1.0cm should actively remove.