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在考虑妊娠与高血压的关系时,首先应考虑妊娠母体循环动态的巨大变化及伴随其变化而维持一定血压的机制,其次应考虑以高血压作为重要症状的妊毒症。以下就有关正常妊娠的血压维持机制、妊毒症的病型分类、实验性高血压和妊娠高血压的发病机制学说进行叙述。一、正常妊娠时血压维持机制 (一)妊娠时循环动态的变化与血压:妊娠时有母体循环的变化与由于胎儿发育的子宫胎盘循环。母体循环的变化为氧消耗量、心搏出量和循环血量增加。心搏出量在孕34周最大,其后减少,分娩时再增加持续至产褥期。血浆约增加50%,而全血约增25～30%。因此,孕妇血液呈生理性贫血状态。心搏出量
In considering the relationship between pregnancy and hypertension, we should first consider the great changes in the maternal cycle of pregnancy and its mechanism to maintain a certain blood pressure. Second, we should consider the incidence of hypertension as an important symptom of pregnancy-induced sepsis. The following is a description of the mechanisms of blood pressure maintenance in normal pregnancy, the classification of the disease type of pregnancy, the pathogenesis of experimental hypertension and gestational hypertension. First, the normal pregnancy blood pressure maintenance mechanism (a) changes in pregnancy and pregnancy-induced changes in blood pressure: changes in maternal circulation during pregnancy and uteroplacental cycle due to fetal development. Changes in the maternal cycle for oxygen consumption, cardiac output and blood volume increased. The volume of stroke at 34 weeks of pregnancy is the largest, then decreased, and then increased to continue until the puerperium. About 50% increase in plasma, and about 25 to 30% increase in whole blood. Therefore, pregnant women showed physiological anemia blood. Stroke volume