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目的探讨男性犯罪青少年防御机制、父母教养方式和依恋模式的特征,以及三者之间的相关性。方法选取177例男性犯罪青少年及161例正常男性青少年作为对照组完成防御方式问卷(DSQ)、父母教养方式量表(EMBU)和亲密关系经历量表(ECR)。结果 (1)两组在依恋焦虑、不成熟和成熟防御机制、父亲偏爱被试、母亲偏爱被试及父亲过分干涉维度有差异性(P<0.05,P<0.01)。(2)男性青少年犯罪组依恋回避与不成熟防御、父惩罚严厉、父拒绝否认、母拒绝否认呈显著正相关(r=0.153~0.217,P<0.05);男性青少年犯罪组依恋焦虑与不成熟防御、中间防御、父惩罚严厉、父拒绝否认、母拒绝否认和母惩罚严厉呈显著正相关(r=0.164~0.319,P<0.05)。(3)男性犯罪青少年的不成熟防御方式在父亲惩罚严厉、母亲拒绝否认、母亲惩罚严厉的教养方式和依恋焦虑之间起到部分中介作用,而不成熟防御方式在父亲拒绝否认的教养方式和依恋焦虑之间起到完全中介作用。中间型防御方式在父亲惩罚严厉、母亲拒绝否认、母亲惩罚严厉的教养方式和依恋焦虑的之间起到部分中介作用。结论男性犯罪青少年得到父母的偏爱,同时父亲干涉明显,呈现不安全型依恋特征,尤其在依恋焦虑维度,在防御方式方面更加倾向于不成熟。男性犯罪青少年的父母教养方式通过防御机制的中介作用对依恋模式产生影响。
Objective To explore the defense mechanism of juvenile delinquency, the characteristics of parental rearing patterns and attachment patterns, and the correlation between the three. Methods A total of 177 male criminals and 161 normal male adolescents were selected as the control group to complete the DSQ, EMBU and ECR. Results (1) There was significant difference between the two groups in attachment anxiety, immature and mature defensive mechanism, father preference test, mother preference test subjects and father excessive intervention (P <0.05, P <0.01). (2) Male adolescent crime group attachment avoidance and immature defense, severe punishment of father, father denied denial and denial of mother denied a significant positive correlation (r = 0.153 ~ 0.217, P <0.05). Male adolescent crime group attachment anxiety and immature The defense, the middle defense, the severe punishment of the father, the father refused to deny that the mother refused to deny and the punishment of the mother was significantly and positively correlated (r = 0.164-0.319, P <0.05). (3) Imperfections of male criminal teenagers play a part of the intermediary role between father’s punishing severely, mothers refusing to deny, mother punishing harsh parenting and attachment anxiety, but immature defensive mode in the father refused to deny the mode of parenting and Anxiety between the attachment to play a complete intermediary role. Intermediate defense plays a partial mediating role between father’s punishing severity, mother’s refusal to acknowledge, mother’s punishing harsh parenting and attachment anxiety. Conclusions Male criminal offenders are favored by their parents. At the same time, their father intervenes obviously and shows the characteristics of unsafe attachment, especially in the dimension of attachment anxiety, and they are more premature in defensive ways. Parental rearing patterns of masculine criminals have an impact on attachment patterns through the intermediary role of defensive mechanisms.