为明确黑龙江省近期主栽大豆品种根系抗旱能力的差异,选用黑龙江省近20年育成的5个主栽大豆品种为试材,利用盆栽试验,于开花期进行不同程度的干旱处理,对根系形态、生理指标和单株粒重进行测定。结果表明:随着干旱胁迫增强,参试品种根体积、根表面积、根干重和根系活力等性状均呈先升高后降低的趋势,单株粒重呈逐渐降低的趋势。合丰25和垦丰16根体积、根表面积、根干重和根系活力在轻度干旱条件下增加较多,重度干旱条件下降低较少,合丰35和合丰39次之,绥农14轻度干旱条件下增加最少,重度干旱条件下降低最多;在受到干旱胁迫后,合丰25和垦丰16单株粒重下降较少,合丰39和合丰35次之,绥农14下降最多。从根系形态和生理指标以及单株粒重的变化规律可以看出,合丰25和垦丰16抗旱能力强,合丰35和合丰39次之,绥农14抗旱能力最弱。 In order to clarify the difference of root drought resistance of main cultivated soybean varieties in Heilongjiang Province, five main cultivated soybean varieties bred in recent 20 years in Heilongjiang Province were used as experimental materials. Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of drought on the root morphology , Physiological indicators and grain weight per plant were measured. The results showed that with the increase of drought stress, the root volume, root surface area, root dry weight and root vigor of the tested cultivars tended to increase at first and then decrease, and the grain weight per plant tended to decrease gradually. Hefeng 25 and Kenfeng 16 had higher root volume, root surface area, root dry weight and root activity under light drought conditions, less under severe drought conditions, Hefeng 35 and Hefeng 39 times, Suining 14 light Under drought stress, the least increase was observed under severe drought conditions. After drought stress, the grain weights of Hefeng 25 and Kenfeng 16 decreased less, while that of Hefeng 39 and Hefeng decreased 35 times. It can be seen from the variation of root morphology and physiological index as well as the grain weight per plant that Hefeng 25 and Kenfeng 16 have strong drought resistance ability, Hefeng 35 and Hefeng 39 times, and Suining 14 has the least drought resistance ability.